Grapevine cv. ‘Sugratwentytwo’

ABSTRACT

A new and distinct grapevine variety characterized by white seedless berries of oblong shape and medium size. The new variety ripens very late, and is extremely productive when pruned to short spurs.

BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to the discovery and asexual propagation of a newvariety of grapevine, Vitis vinifera cv. ‘Sugratwentytwo’. The newvariety was first hybridized by David W. Cain in Wasco, Kern County,Calif., the variety being originated by controlled hybridization andsubsequent embryo rescue of abortive seed traces. The new variety ischaracterized by white, medium sized seedless berries that are crisp andare oblong in shape. The new variety produces larger berries in responseto gibberellic acid application, and is extremely productive when prunedto short spurs.

The seed parent is ‘Sun World Breeding Selection 89152-064-236’(unpatented) and the pollen parent is ‘Sun World Breeding Selection89134-202-189’ (unpatented). The parent varieties were first crossed inMay, 1993, with the date of first flowering being May, 1995. The new‘Sugratwentytwo’ variety was first asexually propagated by David W. Cainin December, 1995 in Wasco, Kern County, Calif., using hardwoodcuttings.

The new grapevine variety cv. ‘Sugratwentytwo’ resembles its seed parent‘89152-064-236’ in outward appearance, but differs by producing berrieswith superior eating quality, containing higher sugar and lower acidcontent than in the maternal parent. ‘Sugratwentytwo’ is distinguishedfrom the pollen parent, ‘89134-202-189’ by being more elongated, inaddition to exhibiting better harvesting and shipping characteristicsdue to its stronger, more lignified peduncle, rachis, pedicel and torusthat function to attach the berries more strongly to the cluster.

The new ‘Sugratwentytwo’ is distinguished from other commonly growngrapes such as the ‘Autumn Seedless’ (unpatented) and the ‘ThompsonSeedless’ (unpatented) varieties. The ‘Sugratwentytwo’ most nearlyresembles the ‘Autumn Seedless’ variety, but is distinguished from the‘Autumn Seedless’ variety by producing crisp berries that have a creamyyellow green color. The ‘Autumn Seedless’ variety, in contrast, producesberries of less commercially acceptable darker green color that turnpink when exposed to direct sunlight. Moreover, while the yields of the‘Autumn Seedless’ variety are often low, the new ‘Sugratwentytwo’variety possesses a fruitful vine that is more capable of producingcommercially acceptable yields.

‘Sugratwentytwo’ bears a slight resemblance to the ‘Thompson Seedless’variety but is distinguished from the ‘Thompson Seedless’ variety byseveral important characteristics. The new variety ‘Sugratwentytwo’produces berries that are more crisp and naturally larger than the‘Thompson Seedless’ variety. ‘Sugratwentytwo’ berries have a strongerattachment to the cluster, and are more resistant to adverse weatherconditions than the ‘Thompson Seedless’ variety. The vestigial seeds of‘Sugratwentytwo’ are slightly larger than the vestigial seeds of the‘Thompson Seedless’ variety. Additionally, ‘Sugratwentytwo’ berries canbe allowed to stay on the vine much later, as they ripen approximately60 days later than the ‘Thompson Seedless’ variety.

The new ‘Sugratwentytwo’ variety has been shown to maintain itsdistinguishing characteristics through successive asexual propagationsby, for example, cuttings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURE

The accompanying drawing in FIG. 1 illustrates in full color a typicalcluster of berries, a young shoot, and a mature leaf blade of the newgrapevine.

DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Throughout this specification, color names beginning with a small lettersignify that the name of that color, as used in common speech, is aptlydescriptive. Color names beginning with a capital letter designatevalues based upon The R.H.S. Colour Chart, published by The RoyalHorticultural Society, London, England.

Many of the description values in this specification are based on andconform to those set forth by the International Board for Plant GeneticResources Institute Grape Descriptors (Vitis spp.) of 1983 and/or 1997which was developed in collaboration with the Office International de laVigne et du Vin (OIV) and the International Union for the Protection ofNew Varieties of Plants (UPOV).

The descriptive matter which follows pertains to ‘Sugratwentytwo’ plantsgrown in the vicinity of Wasco, Kern County, Calif., during 2000, and isbelieved to apply to plants of the variety grown under similarconditions of soil and climate elsewhere:

VINE

General:

Size.—Large.

Vigor.—Vigorous.

Density of foliage.—Medium.

Productivity.—Productive.

Root stock.—Own root.

Trunk:

Shape.—Medium.

Straps.—Short, split.

Surface texture.—Shaggy.

Inner bark color.—About 177B.

SHOOTS

Young shoot:

Form of tip.—Fully open.

Distribution of anthocyanin coloration of tip.—Piping (striped).

Intensity of anthocyanin coloration of tip.—Medium.

Density of prostrate hairs on tip.—Dense.

Density of erect hairs on tip.—Absent.

Flowering shoot:

Vigor during flowering.—Strong.

Attitude during flowering on shoots which are not tied.—Semi-drooping.

Color of dorsal side of internodes.—About Green 144A with Red 187Astripes.

Color of ventral side of internodes.—About Green 144A.

Color of dorsal side of nodes.—About Green 144A with Red 187A stripes.

Color of ventral side of nodes.—About Green 144A.

Density of erect hairs on nodes.—None.

Erect hairs on internode.—Absent.

Density of prostrate hairs on nodes.—Very sparse.

Density of prostrate hairs on internodes.—Absent.

Anthocyanin coloration of buds.—Absent.

Tendrils:

Distribution on the shoot at full flowering.—Discontinuous.

Thickness.—Medium.

Color.—About 144A.

Form.—Trifurcated.

Number of consecutive tendrils.—Up to two.

Length of tendril.—Long, about 32.1 cm.

LEAVES

Young leaves:

Color of upper surface of first 4 distal unfolded leaves.—Green.

Average intensity of anthocyanin coloration of six distal leaves priorto flowering.—Absent or very weak.

Density of prostrate hairs between veins at lower surface of 4th distalunfolded leaf.—Absent.

Density of erect hairs between veins at lower surface of 4th distalunfolded leaf.—Absent.

Density of prostrate hairs on veins at lower surface of 4th distalunfolded leaf.—Medium.

Density of erect hairs on veins at lower surface of 4th distal unfoldedleaf.—Absent.

Mature leaves:

Average length.—About 16.9 cm.

Average width.—About 19.7 cm.

Size of blade.—Large.

Shape of blade—Pentagonal.

Number of lobes.—5 to 7.

Anthocyanin coloration of main veins on the upper side of theblade.—Absent.

Mature leaf profile.—Undulate.

Blistering surface of blade upper surface.—Medium.

Leaf blade tip.—In the plane of the leaf.

Undulation of margin.—Medium.

Apex.—Cuspidate.

Thickness.—Medium.

Undulation of blade between main and lateral veins.—Only near petiole.

Shape of teeth.—Both sides straight.

Length of teeth.—Long.

Ratio length/width of teeth.—Small.

General shape of petiole sinus.—Wide open.

Tooth at petiole sinus.—Absent.

Petiole sinus limited by veins.—Absent.

Shape of upper lateral sinus.—Lobes slightly overlapping.

Depth of upper lateral sinus.—Medium to deep.

Density of prostrate hairs between veins on lower surface ofblade.—Absent.

Density of erect hairs between veins on lower surface of blade.—Absent.

Density of prostrate hairs on main veins on lower surface ofblade.—Sparse.

Density of erect hairs on main veins on lower surface of blade.—Sparse.

Density of prostrate hairs on main veins on upper surface ofblade.—Absent.

Autumn coloration of leaves.—About 11B (color changes very late;typically frost kills leaves before color change occurs).

Upper surface:

Color.—About 147A.

Surface texture.—Rugose.

Surface appearance.—Semi-glossy.

Goffering of blade.—Absent.

Lower surface:

Color.—About 147B.

Anthocyanin coloration of main veins on lower leaf surface.—Absent.

Glossiness.—Medium.

Pubescence.—Absent.

Surface texture.—Smooth.

Petiole:

Length of petiole.—Long, about 12.8 cm.

Length of petiole compared to middle vein.—Slightly shorter.

Density of prostrate hairs on petiole.—None.

Density of erect hairs on petiole.—None.

Shape of base of petiole sinus.—V-shaped.

Woody shoot:

Shape.—Stocky.

Internode length.—Short, about 95.5 mm.

Width at node.—13.2 mm.

Cross section.—Circular.

Surface.—Striate.

Main color.—About Yellowish-Brown 166C.

Lenticels.—Absent.

Density of erect hairs on nodes.—None.

Density of erect hairs on internodes.—None.

Growth of axillary shoots.—Weak.

Buds:

Shape.—Slightly pointed.

Size.—Large.

Position.—Slightly held out.

Cane bud fruitfulness.—Basal fruitful.

Time of bud burst.—Late.

FLOWERS

General:

Flower sex.—Hermaphroditic.

Length of first inflorescence.—Long, about 21.4 cm.

Position of first flowering node.—4^(th).

Number of inflorescences per shoot—1.1 to 2.

Date of full bloom.—May 5, 2000.

Time of bloom.—Late, as compared with similar varieties in the growingarea of Wasco, Kern County, Calif.

Size (diameter of fully open flower)—Medium.

FRUIT

General:

Ripening period.—Late, about 60 days after the ‘Thompson Seedless’variety.

Use.—Fresh market.

Keeping quality.—Good.

Resistance.—Insects: Medium. Diseases: Medium.

Shipping quality.—Good.

Date of first harvest.—Oct. 1, 2000.

Solids-sugar.—Medium (˜18%).

Refractometer test.—18.8° brix.

Acid.—Low, about 39 g/L tartaric acid.

Juice pH.—3.90 on Oct. 13, 2000.

Cluster:

Bunch size (peduncle excluded).—Large.

Bunch length (peduncle excluded).—Long, about 21.9 cm.

Bunch width.—About 16.2 cm.

Bunch weight.—High, averaging about 775 g.

Bunch density.—Loose.

Number of berries.—About 208.

Form.—Conical.

Peduncle:

Length of peduncle.—Short to medium, about 4.8 cm.

Lignification of peduncle.—Strong.

Color.—About 144A.

Berry:

Size.—Medium.

Uniformity of size.—Uniform.

Berry weight.—Medium, about 3.93 g.

Shape.—Oblong.

Presence of seeds.—Rudimentary, about 3.17 mg/seed.

Cross section.—Circular.

Dimensions.—About 22.6 mm longitudinal axis by 17.4 mm horizontal axis.

Skin color (without bloom).—About Green-Yellow 145B.

Coloration of flesh.—Clear.

Juiciness of flesh.—Slightly juicy.

Berry firmness.—Firm.

Particular flavor.—None.

Bloom (cuticular wax).—Medium.

Pedicel length.—Intermediate, about 10.3 mm.

Berry separation from pedicel.—Difficult.

Visibility of hilum.—Slightly clear.

Torus.—Medium.

Skin:

Thickness.—Thin.

Texture.—Medium.

Reticulation.—Absent.

Roughness.—Absent.

Tenacity.—Tenacious to flesh.

Tendency to crack.—None.

Sugratwentytwo: Table of R.H.S. Color Codes: R.H.S. Color Chart VINE:Trunk: Inner bark color: 177B SHOOTS: Flowering Shoot: Dorsal side ofinternodes: 144A with 187A stripes Ventral side of internodes: 144ADorsal side of nodes: 144A with 187A stripes Ventral side of nodes: 144ATendrils: 144A LEAVES: Mature Leaves: Autumn of coloration  11B leaves:Upper Surface: 147A Lower Surface: 147B Woody Shoot: 166C FRUIT:Peduncle: 144A Berry: Skin color (without bloom): 145B

What is claimed is:
 1. A new and distinct variety of grapevine cv.‘Sugratwentytwo’ as herein illustrated and described.